Oxina Joan Patricio v. Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

Read the full judgment text of HCAL 2416/2018 on BabelCite. This High Court CFI judgment was delivered on 22 July 2020.

1. The applicant applies for leave to apply for judicial review of the decision of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office dated 4 October 2018 (“ the Board’s Decision ”) with the Director of Immigration (“ the Director ”) as interested party.

Cited by 3 cases · Cites 1 case

Case No.HCAL 2416/2018[2020] HKCFI 1663
Court
High Court CFI
Date22 Jul 2020
Judge
Case Document
100%Judiciary

HCAL 2416/2018

[2020] HKCFI 1663

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No. 2416 of 2018

BETWEEN

Oxina Joan Patricio Applicant
and
Torture Claims Appeal Board/
Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office
Putative Respondent
and
Director of Immigration Putative Interested Party

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review
NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord. 53 r. 3)

Following;

    consideration of documents only;     or
   consideration of documents and oral submission by the Applicant in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge K.W. Lung:

Leave to apply for Judicial Review be refused.

Observations for the Applicant:

THE APPLICATION

1.The applicant applies for leave to apply for judicial review of the decision of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office dated 4 October 2018 (“the Board’s Decision”) with the Director of Immigration (“the Director”) as interested party.

2.The applicant is not legally represented and she did not request an oral hearing. In the course of hearing similar applications, this Court discovered that most of the applicants appearing in person had no idea of the purpose of judicial review, which is for this Court to examine whether they had had a fair hearing at the Board. They asked the Court to re-examine the facts of the case. The Court will not re-examine the facts in support of the claim. See Re Ali Haider CACV8/2018, [2018] HKCA 222 at §§ 13 & 14. The Court therefore, pursuant to Order 1B, rule 1 (2)(c) of the Rules of the High Court (“RHC”), by letter, invited the applicant to appear before it in order to explain the above to her. At the same time, the Court will examine if the parties in Form 86 are correct. The Court will also see if there are any further grounds in support of the application. In response to the Court’s invitation, the applicant attended the hearing on 26 September 2019.

3.Leave was granted to the applicant to amend Form 86 by deleting the Director to be replaced by the Board as the respondent and by deleting the words “Same as above” to be replace by the Director as the interested party.

The applicant

4.The applicant is a national of the Philippines. She last came to Hong Kong on 6 February 2016 as a visitor and was permitted to stay until 11 February 2016. She overstayed. On 12 February 2016, she surrendered to the Immigration Department. On 25 July 2016, she lodged her non-refoulement claim.

5.She claimed that if refouled, she would be harmed or killed by her creditor, Delia Panganiban and her husband, Roy M. Oxina. In 1998 she married to Roy and in 1999 she gave birth to a son. Roy never worked. She had come to Hong Kong to work as a domestic helper in 2003 and remitted money to Roy. She was told by her mother that Roy used the money for gambling and womanizing. She stopped remitting money to him. In 2005, she returned to the Philippines and told Roy that she wanted to divorce him. He disagreed and said that he would kill her if he discovered that she had an affair in Hong Kong. In October 2015 whilst she was in the Philippines, the creditor, Delia came to her house together with other people. At that time, her husband had left and moved to his family’s home. They claimed that Roy had borrowed 200,000 pesos from them. They asked her to repay the loan for Roy. She did not have money to repay them. They threatened to harm her if she did not pay. She came to Hong Kong because she did not feel safe.

The Director’s Decision

6.The Director considered her application in relation to the following risks:

a.risk of torture under Part VIIC of the Immigration Ordinance, Cap. 115, (“the Ordinance”) (“Torture risk”);

b.Article 2 of Section 8 of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance, Cap. 383 (Risk of violation of the right to life) (“BOR 2 risk”);

c.risk of torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (“CIDTP”) under Article 3 of section 8 of the HKBOR (“BOR 3 risk”); and

d.risk of persecution by reference to the non-refoulement principle under Article 33 of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol (“Refugee Convention”) (“Persecution risk”).

7.By Notice of Decision dated 10 August 2017 (“the Director’s Decision”), the Director refused her claim for the reason that her claim was not substantiated.

The Board’s Decision

8.The applicant appealed to the Board against the Director’s Decision and she attended a hearing before the Adjudicator on 4 June 2018.

9.By the Board’s Decision, the Board rejected her appeal and confirmed the Director’s Decision.

10.The Board considered the applicant’s evidence and, for the reasons set out in the Board’s Decision, came to the conclusions below.

a.The applicant’s evidence called into question because of inconsistencies and contradictions in her evidence [37].

b.There was no reliable evidence to show the loan, that the creditor was a threat to her; that her husband was a threat to her; that she suffered from physical or mental suffering or that the state of the Philippines was unwilling to help [38].

c.State protection was available to her [54].

d.She accepted that she could relocate to Manila if refouled [86].

Application for leave to apply for judicial review

11.The applicant filed Form 86 dated 23 October 2018 for leave to apply for judicial review of the Board’s Decision.

12.In her affirmation, she did not set out any reasons in support of her application other than that she felt that the Board’s Decision was unfair and erroneous.

DISCUSSION

13.The applicant appeared before me. She said that she was free to state her case before the immigration officer and before the Adjudicator at the Board hearing.

14.I put the Board’s findings to the applicant and asked her if she had any comments. She said that she had no comments.

15.The Court of Appeal in Re Ali Haider CACV8/2018, [2018] HKCA 222 at §§ 13 & 14 held that the immigration officer and the Adjudicator are the facts finders, subject to judicial review. However, there is no evidence to show that the Board erred in its finding of the facts or in the application of the law to her case.

16.The applicant fails to show that she has any reasonable prospect of success in her proposed judicial review.

CONCLUSION

17.Since the applicant’s application for judicial review of the Board’s Decision has no reasonable prospect of success, I refuse to grant her leave to apply for judicial review of the Board’s Decision. Accordingly, I dismiss her application.

Dated the 22nd day of July 2020

   (Mike Mak)
  for Registrar, High Court

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence




Notes for the Applicant:

If leave has been granted, the Applicant or the Applicant’s solicitors must: 
a) serve on the respondent and such interested parties as may be directed by the Court the order granting leave and any directions given within 14 days after the leave was granted (Order 53, rule 4A);

b) issue the originating summons within 14 days after the grant of leave and serve it in accordance with Order 53, rule 5; and

c) supply to every other party copies of every affidavit which the Applicant proposes to use at the hearing, including the affidavit in support of the application for leave (Order 53, rule 6(5)).
Sent to the Applicant
on 22/7/2020
Oxina Joan Patricio

Applicant’s ref. no:
Nil. 
Sent to the Putative Respondent / the Putative Respondent’s solicitors / such Putative Interested Parties as may be directed by the Court / the Putative Interested Parties’ solicitors on 22/7/2020
 
Torture Claims Appeal Board/ Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office
Putative Respondent’s ref. no.:
USM 8210/17/8/248/F420

Director of Immigration
Putative Interested Party’s ref. no.:
QA T/C 987/17 (Formerly RBCZ 12809/16)
 
Department of Justice,
Senior Assistant Law Office
(Civil Law)
(Civil Litigation Unit 2) 



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