Taher Mohammad Abu v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

Read the full judgment text of HCAL 2221/2018 on BabelCite. This High Court CFI judgment was delivered on 3 May 2022.

1. This is the applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review of the Decision dated 24 August 2018 of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office (the “Board’s Decision”).

Cites 1 case

Case No.HCAL 2221/2018[2022] HKCFI 1205
Court
High Court CFI
Date03 May 2022
Judge
Case Document
100%Judiciary

HCAL 2221/2018

[2022] HKCFI 1205

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No. 2221 of 2018

BETWEEN    
Taher Mohammad Abu Applicant
and
Torture Claims Appeal Board/
Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office
Putative Respondent
and
Director of Immigration Putative Interested Party

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review

NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord. 53 r. 3)

Following;

    consideration of documents only;          or
    consideration of documents and Applicant being absent in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge K.W. Lung:

Leave to apply for Judicial Review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

THE APPLICATION

1.This is the applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review of the Decision dated 24 August 2018 of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office (the “Board’s Decision”).

2.The applicant asked for a hearing. Pursuant to Order 53, rule 3(3) of the Rules of the High Court (“RHC”), a hearing was fixed for him. However, he was absent without prior notice to the court. I decided to deal with his application on paper.

3.Pursuant to Order 20, rule 8 and Order 53, rule 3(6) of the RHC, Form 86 is amended to the effect that the Board is the proposed respondent and the Director of Immigration (the “Director”) is the interested party.

The applicant

4.The applicant is a national of Bangladesh.  He entered Hong Kong illegally on 24 April 2013.  He was arrested by the police on 18 August 2013. On 7 April 2014, he lodged a non-refoulement claim.  His claim was made on the basis that, if refouled, he would be harmed or killed by members of Awani League (“AL”).

5.According to the applicant, he had been a supporter of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (“BNP”) since 2004 before he joined BNP as a member in 2012. He was actively involved in the party’s rallies and events.  In April or May 2012, the applicant was approached by some AL members and was threatened by them to leave the BNP.  Two days later, he was attacked by 10 to 15 men with hockey and wooden sticks.  They also threatened to kill him if he refused to leave the BNP.  Shortly after, when the applicant was on his way to make a police report, he was again attacked by the AL members.  He was even advised by the police officers to leave Bangladesh.  Out of fear, the applicant eventually fled to Hong Kong for protection.  Details of his claim are set out at paragraph 10 of the Notice of Decision dated 2 June 2016 (the “Director’s First Decision”) and paragraph 8 of the Board’s Decision as described below.

The Director’s Decisions

6.The Director considered the applicant’s claim in relation to the following risks:

(1)   risk of torture under Part VII C of the Immigration Ordinance, Cap. 115, (“the Ordinance”) (“Torture risk”);

(2)   risk of violation of the right of life under Article 2 of section 8 of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (“BOR 2 risk”);

(3)   risk of torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (“CIDTP”) under Article 3 of section 8 of the HKBOR (“BOR 3 risk”); and

(4)   risk of persecution by reference to the non-refoulement principle under Article 33 of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol (“Refugee Convention”) (“Persecution risk”).

7.By way of the Director’s First Decision, the Director refused the applicant’s claim on the grounds of Torture risk, BOR3 risk and Persecution risk.  The Director found that the level of risk of harm upon his refoulement was assessed to be low because (i) there was no evidence that the AL members targeted the applicant given the low intensity and frequency of past ill-treatments [19]-[23]; (ii) state protection would be available to him [24]; and (iii) internal relocation was also an option [25].  In the Notice of Further Decision dated 10 July 2017, the Director also rejected his claim on BOR2 risk (the “Director’s Second Decision”) for the reason that there was no evidence to show that his right to life would be violated upon his return to Bangladesh.

8.For simplicity, the Director’s First Decision and the Director’s Second Decision will be referred to as the “Director’s Decisions”.

The Board’s Decision

9.The applicant appealed the Director’s Decisions to the Board.  An oral hearing was held on 15 June 2018 for his appeal, during which the applicant provided further information for his case [9]-[10].

10.Having considered the applicant’s evidence, the Board accepted the applicant’s version of events except for three material aspects, namely, he would not be safe if refouled; he left Bangladesh due to a fear of safety; and his belief that the government and police would not protect him [13].  In elaboration, the Board stated that there was no evidence of the applicant’s prominent role in the BNP; that he was able to live an ordinary life for 6 to 7 months in Botrist; that no one searched the applicant when he left the home village; that the alleged injuries were not severe; and that, based on the country of origin information, there were on-going reforms to improve the law enforcements [14].

11.In assessing the individual grounds, the Board further held that the applicant’s alleged threats did not exist [18]-[19] and internal relocation would be a viable option for the applicant [38].

12.For the aforesaid reasons, the Board rejected the applicant’s claim and dismissed his appeal.

Application for leave to apply for judicial review

13.The applicant filed Form 86 on 12 October 2018 for leave to apply for judicial review of the Board’s Decision.

14.In his affirmation in support of his application, he said, “… the Board did decide the case on assumption, without considering many issues and serious evidence presented by the applicant … the Board cannot infer that the applicant had no case.”

15.In another affirmation dated 13 December 2021, the applicant said, “… I want to go back to my home country, Bangladesh. All my problem now finished. Now… my mother is very sick. I want to go return to my home country …”

DISCUSSION

16.The Court of Appeal in AW v. Director of Immigration and William Lam CACV 63 of 2015, 3 November 2015:

“It is well established that the court may exercise discretion not to grant a remedy on judicial review if it would serve no practical purpose, where it may have become otiose or pointless to grant a remedy because the relevant detriment to the applicant has been removed (De Smith’s Judicial Review (7th ed) at §§18-054 to 18-056; Judicial Review by Supperstone, Goudie and Walker (5th ed) at §18.18.1) ….” [67]

17.As it would serve no practical purpose for his application, the Court should refuse to grant him the remedy and the applicant’s application should be dismissed.

18.The application is therefore dismissed.

Dated the 3rd day of May 2022

  (Chasel MAN)
for Registrar, High Court


Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence




Notes for the Applicant:

If leave has been granted, the Applicant or the Applicant’s solicitors must:

       
a) serve on the respondent and such interested parties as may be directed by the Court the order granting leave and any directions given within 14 days after the leave was granted (Order 53, rule 4A);

b) issue the originating summons within 14 days after the grant of leave and serve it in accordance with Order 53, rule 5; and

c) supply to every other party copies of every affidavit which the Applicant proposes to use at the hearing, including the affidavit in support of the application for leave (Order 53, rule 6(5)).
  Sent to the Applicant
on 3/5/2022

Taher Mohammad Abu

Applicant’s ref. no:
Nil.
  Sent to the Putative Respondent / the Putative Respondent’s solicitors / such Putative Interested Parties as may be directed by the Court / the Putative Interested Parties’ solicitors on 3/5/2022
 
Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office
Putative Respondent’s ref. no.:
USM 3919/16/6/109/B541

Director of Immigration
Putative Interested Party’s ref. no.: QA T/C 2041/15 (previously RBCZ 790/14)
 
Department of Justice,
Senior Assistant Law Office
(Civil Law)
(Civil Litigation Unit 2)



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