Mehmood Kashif v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

HCAL 406/2020

[2025] HKCFI 3369

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No. 406 of 2020

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review
NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord. 53 r. 3)

Following:

	consideration of the documents only;            or
	consideration of the documents and oral submissions by the Applicant in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge Levy:

The application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed

Introduction

1.By a “Notice of application for leave to apply for judicial review” in the prescribed Form 86 filed on 13 March 2020, the applicant applied for leave to apply for judicial review (“Leave Application”). The intended judicial review was against the decision of the Torture Claims Appeal Board / the Non-Refoulement Claims Petition Office (“Board”) dated 12 March 2020 (“Board’s Decision”) dismissing the applicant's appeal against a decision of the Director of Immigration (“Director”) dated 9 September 2019 (“Director’s Decision”) rejecting the applicant's non-refoulement claim on all applicable grounds. The Board’s Decision can be viewed at the following hyperlink: -

https://legalref.judiciary.hk/doc/judg/html/vetted/other/en/2020/HCAL000406_2020_files/the_Board's_Decision.pdf

2.The basis of the applicant’s claim was that he would be harmed or killed by a fellow villager (Raza) after a fighting incident, and the latter’s lodging of the complaint to police resulting from possible common assault charge laid against the applicant. The Board’s reasoning and findings were set out in detail in the Board’s Decision and it is not necessary for me to repeat them. Unless otherwise specified, I shall also adopt the Board’s abbreviations and descriptions stated in the Board’s Decision.

3.At the applicant’s request for a hearing of the Leave Application, this court scheduled a hearing on 23 May 2025. The applicant attended the hearing in person. After having heard from him, this court informed him that the decision would be reserved, and be sent to his updated address.

Discussion

4.The Leave Application operates as a ‘filtering’ process and there is no requirement or expectation to give elaborate reasons for my decision.[1] It is sufficient to state my observations after considering the Board’s Decision and the applicant’s materials adduced.

5.In a proper Form 86, an applicant is required to identify the grounds of judicial review clearly and succinctly[2], and further to make full and frank disclosure of all material facts to be verified by an affidavit.

6.In his Form 86, the applicant raised the following grounds for judicial review:

(a)  The Board’s Decision was unreasonable and unfair;

(b)  Insufficient importance or weight was given to state acquiescence;

(c)  Though the Director listed relevant country of origin information (“COI”) that supported the applicant’s belief that the police in his country would not be able to protect him, such COI was not considered or given enough weight;

(d)  The Director showed an unfair attitude, and failed to meet the required high standards of fairness in requiring the applicant to respond to questions that he was not in a position to offer any response.

7.At the hearing, this court asked the applicant whether he had any further grounds he wished to submit in support of the Leave Application. The applicant only stated that he had already submitted everything and he had nothing further to provide.

8.As the Courts have repeatedly stated, a finding of fact is exclusively within the realm of the Board, which a court in a judicial review will not interfere with unless such finding involved an error of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality.[3]

9.In the present case, despite the misgivings as to the credibility and genuineness of the applicant’s claim, the Board continued to conduct the risks assessment. The Board found that on the applicant’s account, the incident between the applicant and Raza was not politically motivated. Further, after having considered the relevant COI, the Board found that there were available state protection as well as internal relocation. As for the possible common assault charge Raza had allegedly filed against the applicant, the Board found that there was no evidence that the applicant would not receive justice before the Pakistani judicial system. The Board therefore concluded that the applicant did not face any risks of serious harm. These are findings of fact, which the court in a judicial review will not interfere with, subject to there being any public law errors.

10.Bearing in mind the enhanced standard that should be adopted in scrutinizing the Board’s Decision, this court is satisfied that the Board correctly applied the law relating to all the grounds and observed a high standard of fairness. Most of the applicant’s written grounds are not related to the Board’s Decision. For those concerning the Board’s Decision, they are vague and do not condescend to particulars. Neither was the applicant able to provide any grounds at the oral hearing to challenge the Board’s Decision. The applicant has not shown any errors of law or procedural unfairness or irrationality in the Board’s Decision. The applicant’s intended challenge to the Board’s Decision is not reasonably arguable with realistic prospects of success such that would enable this court to grant leave[4].

Order

11.The application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Dated the 12^th day of August 2025

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Form CALL-1