Md Amzad Hossain v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

HCAL 2176/2020

[2025] HKCFI 5494

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No 2176 of 2020

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review
NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord 53 r 3)

Following:

Order by Deputy High Court Judge Levy:

1.   The Form 86 be amended on the court’s own motion.

2.   The applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

Introduction

1.By a “Notice of application to apply for leave for judicial review” in the prescribed Form 86 filed on 29 October 2020, the applicant applied for leave to apply for judicial review (“Leave Application”).  The intended judicial review was against the decision of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/the Non-Refoulement Claims Petition Office (“Board”) dated 20 October 2020 (“Board’s Decision”) dismissing the applicant's appeal against a decision of the Director of Immigration (“Director”) dated 30 October 2018 (“Director’s Decision”) rejecting the applicant's non-refoulement claim on all applicable grounds.  The Board’s Decision can be viewed at the following hyperlink: -

https://legalref.judiciary.hk/doc/judg/html/vetted/other/en/2020/HCAL002176_2020_files/the_Board's_Decision.pdf

2.In the Form 86, the applicant named the Board and the Director as the proposed respondents.  As only the Board should have been the proper respondent, the Form 86 shall be amended accordingly on the court’s own motion.

3.The basis of the applicant’s claim was that, if refouled to Bangladesh, he would be harmed or killed by the members of the Awami League Party.  The Board’s reasoning and findings were set out in detail in the Board’s Decision and it is not necessary for me to repeat them. Unless otherwise specified, I shall also adopt the Board’s abbreviations and descriptions stated in the Board’s Decision.

4.At the applicant’s request for a hearing of the Leave Application, this court scheduled a hearing on 9 September 2025.  The applicant attended the hearing in person.  After having heard from him, this court informed him that the decision would be reserved, and be sent to his updated address.

Discussion

5.The Leave Application operates as a ‘filtering’ process and there is no requirement or expectation to give elaborate reasons for my decision.[1]  It is sufficient to state my observations after considering the Board’s Decision and the applicant’s materials adduced.

6.In a proper Form 86, an applicant is required to identify the grounds of judicial review clearly and succinctly[2], and further to make full and frank disclosure of all material facts to be verified by an affidavit.  In the applicant’s Form 86, the applicant stated that the Board’s Decision was unreasonable as it was based on assumptions and the Board did not hear his claim properly.  The supporting affirmation contains no grounds at all.

7.At the hearing, this court asked the applicant whether he had any grounds he wished to submit in support of the Leave Application.  The applicant said he had nothing to say.  In view of the allegations the application made in his Form 86, the court asked him to give further elaboration.  The applicant was unable to say any mistakes the Board had allegedly made.  He only submitted that he still had problems in Bangladesh as his property including his home was no longer owned by him but by the previous government.  It would not be safe for him to return.

8.As the Courts have repeatedly stated, a finding of fact is exclusively within the realm of the Board, which a court in a judicial review will not interfere with unless such finding involved an error of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality.[3]  In the present case, the Board found that the numerous inconsistencies, contradictions and implausibility in the applicant’s evidence had undermined the reliability of his claim.  The Board did not accept that the applicant came to Hong Kong due to the alleged threat of the AL members to kill or harm him.  Neither did the Board accept that the applicant had suffered any physical or mental pain and sufferings as he had claimed.  The Board concluded that the centerpiece of the applicant’s story could not stand as it found him dishonest and unreliable.  The Board further found that state protection and internal relocation were reasonably available.  These are findings of fact, which the court in a judicial review will not interfere with, subject to there being any public law errors.

9.Bearing in mind the enhanced standard that should be adopted in scrutinizing the Board’s Decision, this court is satisfied that the Board correctly applied the law relating to all the grounds and observed a high standard of fairness.  I am satisfied that the Board was entitled to conclude that there was no risk of harm after having found that the applicant’s claims not credible.  The applicant was unable to provide any particulars regarding his allegations stated in the Form 86 at the hearing.  The applicant has not shown any errors of law or procedural unfairness or irrationality in the Board’s Decision.  The applicant’s intended challenge to the Board’s Decision is not reasonably arguable with realistic prospects of success such that would enable this court to grant leave[4].

Orders

10.The Form 86 be amended on the court’s own motion.

11.The applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Dated the 21^st day of November 2025

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Form CALL-1