Durairaj Sankar Ganesh v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

HCAL 2232/2020

[2025] HKCFI 6298

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No 2232 of 2020

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review
NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord 53 r 3)

Following:

	consideration of the documents only;            or
	consideration of the documents and oral submissions by the Applicant in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge Levy:

1.  The Form 86 be amended on the court’s own motion.

2.  The applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

Introduction

1.By a “Notice of application for leave to apply for judicial review” in the prescribed Form 86 filed on 6 November 2020, the applicant applied for leave to apply for judicial review (“Leave Application”). The intended judicial review was against the decision of the Torture Claims Appeal Board/the Non-Refoulement Claims Petition Office (“Board”) dated 23 October 2020 (“Board’s Decision”) dismissing the applicant's appeal against the decision of the Director of Immigration (“Director”) dated 6 November 2018 (“Director’s Decision”) on all applicable grounds. The Board’s Decision can be viewed at the following hyperlink: -

https://legalref.judiciary.hk/doc/judg/html/vetted/other/en/2020/HCAL002232_2020_files/the_Board's_Decision.pdf

2.In the Form 86, the applicant named the Board as the proposed respondent and interested party. As the Director should have been the interested party, the Form 86 will be amended accordingly on the court’s own motion.

3.The basis of the applicant’s claim was that, if refouled to Indian, he would be harmed or killed by the vice-chairman of All Indian Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party as he refused to sell his farmland to him at an undervalue. The Board’s reasoning and findings were set out in detail in the Board’s Decision and it is not necessary for me to repeat them. Unless otherwise specified, I shall also adopt the Board’s abbreviations and descriptions stated in the Board’s Decision.

4.At the applicant’s request for a hearing of the Leave Application, this court scheduled a hearing on 4 December 2025. The applicant attended in person.

Discussion

5.The Leave Application operates as a ‘filtering’ process and there is no requirement or expectation to give elaborate reasons for my decision.[1] It is sufficient to state my observations after considering the Board’s Decision and the applicant’s materials adduced.

6.In a proper Form 86, an applicant is required to identify the grounds of judicial review clearly and succinctly[2], and further to make full and frank disclosure of all material facts to be verified by an affidavit. The applicant’s Form 86 and the supporting affirmation provided no such grounds.

7.At the hearing, I asked him if he wanted to say anything in support of the Leave Application. The applicant stated that he had nothing to say despite having been reminded that he had not provided any written grounds. All he said was that there was still on-going problem at home.

8.As the Courts have repeatedly stated, a finding of fact is exclusively within the realm of the Board, which a court in a judicial review will not interfere with unless such finding involved an error of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality.[3] In the present case, the Board found that the applicant had given unconvincing and inconsistent evidence. Hence, the Board rejected the entire basis of the applicant’s claim and found that there was no real and personal chance that the applicant would suffer serious harm in the future if refouled. The Board concluded that the applicant’s claimed fear of violence at the hands of a politician from the AIADMK because of a dispute about farmland was not credible. The Board therefore found that the applicant’s claims as to having been beaten and threatened by the politician and his men had no credibility. The Board therefore rejected the applicant’s appeal. These are findings of fact, which the court in a judicial review will not interfere with, subject to there being any public law errors.

9.Bearing in mind the enhanced standard that should be adopted in scrutinizing the Board’s Decision, this court is satisfied that the Board correctly applied the law relating to all the grounds and observed a high standard of fairness. The applicant has not advanced any grounds, whether written or oral, in support of the Leave Application. I am satisfied that the applicant has not shown any errors of law or procedural unfairness or irrationality in the Board’s Decision. The applicant’s intended challenge to the Board’s Decision is not reasonably arguable with realistic prospects of success such that would enable this court to grant leave[4].

Order

10.The Form 86 be amended on the court’s own motion.

11.The applicant’s application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Dated the 5^th day of January 2026

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Form CALL-1