Keep Honour International Inc v. Paxon International Shipping Ltd

Read the full judgment text of HCCT 6/1997 on BabelCite. This HIGH COURT judgment was delivered on 4 April 1997 before the Hon Mr Justice Findlay in Chambers.

Mareva injunction — the plaintiff, as disponent owner of three ships, claimed unpaid charter fees from the defendant, a newly incorporated shipping company with no fixed assets and poor credit record. The plaintiff initially obtained an ex parte Mareva injunction which was discharged inter partes for lack of evidence of real risk of dissipation. Upon reconsideration, the judge held the power to alter his judgment before perfection in special circumstances: here, the plaintiff's solicitors were misled into thinking the defendant would not oppose and were unprepared. Having heard fuller arguments, the court found credible evidence that the defendant’s assets were rapidly disposable cash and that the defendant had repeatedly broken promises to pay. The court concluded there was a real risk the plaintiff’s judgment would remain unsatisfied without the injunction. Costs of the injunction application were ordered against the defendant. The injunction was continued until further order and costs were awarded to the plaintiff.

Legal issues: Whether the court can reconsider its refusal of Mareva injunction before judgment perfected · Whether a real risk of dissipation of assets justifies continuation of Mareva injunction · Costs order related to injunction application

Outcome: Mareva injunction continued until further order; defendant to pay plaintiff's costs

Case No.HCCT 6/1997
Court
HIGH COURT
Date04 Apr 1997
Judgethe Hon Mr Justice Findlay in Chambers
Case Document
100%Judiciary

HCCT000006/1997

1997, No. CON-6

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONG KONG

HIGH COURT

BETWEEN
KEEP HONOUR INTERNATIONAL INC Plaintiff

AND

PAXON INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING LIMITED defendant

Coram: the Hon Mr Justice Findlay in Chambers

Date of hearing: 2 April 1997

Date of handing down of judgment: 4 April 1997

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JUDGMENT

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1. The plaintiff is the disponent owner of three ships. These were chartered to the defendant. The plaintiff alleges that the defendant owes US$430,644.42 in respect of these charters.

2. On 22 January 1997, the plaintiff obtained a Mareva injunction against the defendant on an ex parte application. The inter partes summons came before me on 21 March 1997. On that occasion, I held that there was no evidence of a real risk of dissipation of the defendant's assets, and discharged the injunction.

3. On 22 March 1997, the plaintiff's solicitors wrote to my clerk saying, amongst other things, that - "We had decided not to instruct counsel to attend but only our assistant to the said hearing on confirmation received from [the defendant's solicitors] the previous day that they would not challenge our application particularly since they had no instructions to do so and not filed any evidence challenging our affidavit. Their only concern was about costs of the application. To our surprise, they made submissions to challenge our application mainly on the ground of evidence as to real risk of dissipation of assets on the defendant's part."

4. I directed that the matter be brought back before me. This was done on 2 April 1997.

5. It is indeed the case that the solicitor appearing for the plaintiff on 21 March 1997 seemed ill prepared, and the defendant's solicitor does not challenge that what was said in the plaintiff's solicitors' letter of 22 March 1997 is true.

6. It these circumstances, Mr Chua argues that I have the power to reconsider my decision of 21 March 1997.

7. The Supreme Court Practice, 1997, at page 712, says - "... it is within the powers of a Judge to alter his judgment at any time before it is entered and perfected." It is the case here that my judgment has not been perfected; the order has not been drawn up. The authorities support this proposition, but it seems to me that this is a power that should be exercised only in special circumstances. In my view, there are such special circumstances in this case. The plaintiff was misled, not deliberately, I am sure, into believing that the defendant would not oppose the summons so that the plaintiff's solicitors were not in a position to argue the matter fully. In this case, I am prepared to consider the matter afresh.

8. Before me, Mr Lee, for the defendant, had instructions not to consent to the order sought, but not to oppose it either.

9. Mr Chua argued that the following matters are material to my decision -

. The defendant's assets are rapidly movable and disposable, namely cash. There is no evidence it has any fixed or immovable assets in Hong Kong.
. The defendant's business is small, and the defendant was incorporated less than a year ago. It is not an established or reputable company. On the evidence, the defendant's business requires minimal assets and equipment.
. The defendant's related company, Paxon Maritime Co. Limited was incorporated on 6 February 1996. Provisional Liquidators were appointed over this company some 8 months later. The company had debts of at least US$450,000.00.
. The defendant's past and existing credit record has left much to be desired. The uncontradicted evidence is of repeated and persistent breaches of promises to pay the Plaintiff. Even where the defendant had received money which it promised to pay the Plaintiff, but failed to do so

10. There is no evidence from the defendant to contradict any of this evidence.

11. Having heard a fuller argument, I believe Mr Chua has made out a case of a real risk of any judgment remaining unsatisfied unless a Mareva injunction is in place. This is particularly so in the absence of evidence or argument to the contrary. I am particularly impressed with the evidence that the defendant has broken repeated promises to pay from money that it received.

12. In these circumstances, I order that the injunction continue until further or-der.

13. The defendant's concern seems to be the costs, but I cannot see any basis for an order other than an order that the defendant pay the plaintiff's costs. I make an order nisi accordingly.

JK FINDLAY
Judge of the High Court

Representation:

Mr Chua Guan-hock, instructed by Messrs Ng & Partners, for the plaintiff.

Mr CK Lee, of Messrs Ince and Co, for the defendant.