E & W Shipping Agencies Ltd t/a Wing Lee Shipping Co v. The Owners and/or Demise Charterers of the Ships or Vessels "Chen Da 513" "Chen Da 518" and "Xing Ye 9"

Read the full judgment text of HCAJ 157/1997 on BabelCite. This HCAJ judgment was delivered on 24 January 1998.

1. Upon the application by Registrar Woolley and the Chief Bailiff for Directions under section 40 of the Supreme Court Ordinance, I heard Mr. Charles Allen of Messrs Simmons & Simmons for the Plaintiff and Mr. Tsang, the Chief Bailiff and gave the requested Direction. At their request and as this matter has caused some concern amongst the admiralty practitioners, I am handing down the Reasons for my Judgment.

Case No.HCAJ 157/1997
Court
HCAJ
Date24 Jan 1998
Judge
Case Document
100%Judiciary

HCAJ000157/1997

AJ Folio 157 of 1997

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE HONG KONG SAR

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION

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Admiralty Action in Rem against the Ships "CHEN DA 513",
"CHEN DA 518" and "XING YE 9"

BETWEEN
E & W SHIPPING AGENCIES LTD. trading as WING LEE SHIPPING COMPANY Plaintiff

AND

THE OWNERS AND/OR DEMISE CHARTERERS OF THE SHIPS OR VESSELS "CHEN DA 513" "CHEN DA 518" and "XING YE 9" Defendants

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Coram: The Hon. Mr. Justice Waung in Chambers

Date of Hearing: 22 January 1998

Date of Handing Down Reasons for Judgment: 24 January 1998

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REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

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1. Upon the application by Registrar Woolley and the Chief Bailiff for Directions under section 40 of the Supreme Court Ordinance, I heard Mr. Charles Allen of Messrs Simmons & Simmons for the Plaintiff and Mr. Tsang, the Chief Bailiff and gave the requested Direction. At their request and as this matter has caused some concern amongst the admiralty practitioners, I am handing down the Reasons for my Judgment.

2. The problem arose this way. The Plaintiff wished to apply that the Bailiff should serve the Writ in Rem issued on the 26th May 1997 on one of the ships named in the Writ. Both the application as well as the service by the Bailiff would be under Order 75 rule 8(3) of the Rules of the Supreme Court which reads:-

"Where by virtue of this rule a writ is required to be served on any property, then if the plaintiff wishes service of the writ to be effected by the bailiff, he must file in the Registry a praecipe in Form No. 6 in Appendix B and lodge-
          (a) the writ and a copy thereof, and
          (b) an undertaking to pay on demand all expenses incurred by the bailiff or his substitute in respect of the service of the writ,
and thereupon the bailiff or his substitute shall serve the writ on the property described in the praecipe."

Alternatively the Plaintiff also can itself serve the Writ in Rem on the ship under Order 75 rule 11 which reads:-

"(1) Subject to paragraph (2), service of a warrant of arrest or writ in an action in rem against a ship ... shall be effected by-

(a) affixing the warrant or writ for a short time on any mast of the ship or on the outside of any suitable part of the ship's superstructure, and
(b) on removing the warrant or writ, leaving a copy of it affixed (in the case of the warrant) in its place or (in the case of the writ) on a sheltered, conspicuous part of the ship."

The question which has arisen is whether the "writ" referred to in rule 8(3) to be served by the Bailiff and in rule 11(1) to be affixed on the mast of the ship or on the outside of the superstructure of the ship is:-

(i) the document commonly known as the "original writ" filed in the Registry and bearing on it the original stamp notation of payment of the fees for the issue of the writ; or
(ii) any "sealed copy" of the writ bearing the seal of the Court issued to the plaintiffs by the Court for service.

3. In the High Court of Hong Kong and previously in the Supreme Court of Hong Kong, whether in actions in personam or in actions in rem and whether such actions are by way of ordinary jurisdiction actions or admiralty jurisdiction actions, only one "original writ" was issued by the Court and that always stayed in the Court Registry with that particular Court file. No one had ever suggested that for the purpose of service of the originating process on the defendant by the plaintiff, a "sealed copy" of the writ is not a writ or that the "original writ" (from the Court Registry) had to be served. The mere example of an action where the plaintiff is suing 6 defendants will demonstrate that it is just ludicrous for one "original writ" to be served on 6 different defendants. What happens of course is that the plaintiff asked the Registry to issue at least 6 "sealed copy" of the writ and each of these "sealed copy" of the writ will be served on each defendant. I do not understand an Admiralty Action in rem to be any different, namely that it is always the "sealed copy" of the Writ in Rem which is served on the ship and not the "original writ" filed in the Registry. Both Mr. Allen and the Chief Bailiff confirmed that the service of the "sealed copy" of the Writ in Rem on ships had always been the practice adopted by the Bailiff and the Admiralty Court practitioners. The doubt was created by a close reading of Order 75 rule 8(3) and rule 11(1) and in the context of the use of the word "writ" and "a copy thereof". For me the context and the use of the words create no difficulty. The "writ" to be served in Order 75 rule 8(3) and in Order 75 rule 11(1) does not mean the "original writ" in the Registry but simply the usual "sealed copy" writ for service issued by the Registry and bearing the seal of the Court.

4. There is no question of the "original writ" filed in the Registry being taken out of the Registry (to be served on the ship), contrary to Order 63 rule 9 of the Rules of the Supreme Court which reads:-

"No document filed in or in the custody of the Registry of the Supreme Court shall be taken out of that Registry without the leave of the Court."

The "original writ" stays in the Registry and with that particular Court file.

5. There is therefore in my judgment nothing to prevent the Registrar from entertaining the application of Mr. Allen on behalf of the Plaintiff or to prohibit the Bailiff from effecting service on the ship with the usual customary "sealed copy" of the Writ in Rem.

William Waung
Judge of the Court of First Instance
High Court

Representation:

Mr. Charles Allen of Messrs Simmons & Simmons for the Plaintiffs

Mr. C.W. Tsang, the Chief Bailiff