Attorney General v. Hong Kong Convention Centre Limited

Case No.CACC 68/1976
Court
Court of Appeal
Date24 Feb 1976
Judge
Case Document
100%

CACC000068/1976

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONG KONG

(APPELLATE JURISDICTION)

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 68 OF 1976

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BETWEEN    
  Attorney General Appellant
  and  
  Hong Kong Convention Centre Limited Respondent

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Coram: Leonard J. in Court

Date of Judgment: 24th February, 1976.

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JUDGMENT

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1. This was an appeal by way of case stated from a decision of the magistrate whereby he acquitted the respondent on a charge that on the 15th of June 1975, it, being the occupier of premises on the 1st to the third floors of the World Trade Centre, Canseway Bay carried out work in relation to the installation of furnaces without approval having been obtained under the Clean Air (Furnaces Ovens and Chimneys) (Installation and Alteration) Regulations 1972. At the hearing I allowed the appeal and sent the papers back to the learned magistrate with a direction that a case had been established against the respondent. I promised to give my reasons in writing.

2. The Regulations in question, as their name forewarns, are a laborious piece of legislation. They were drafted, one might imagine without being too fanciful, by one smothered by the smog which the Regulations seek to alleviate, Under s.15 of the Clean Air Ordinance the Governor-in-Council is empowered by Regulations to provide for (inter alia):

" (d) the prohibition of the installation of any furnace, oven or chimney after the coming into operation of this Ordinance without the approval of a competent authority; and
  (e) the adoption of precautions against the emission of smoke from any furnace, oven, chimney or industrial plant, or any class thereof."

It was in pursuance of these powors that the Regulations the subject of this appeal wore framed.

3. The facts giving rise to the prosecution were as follows: commencing on the 15th June 1975 town gas furnaces were installed in the kitchen of the respondent. There were several of these and their total maximum gas consumption was 62.49 therms per hour. It is common case that no one of the furnaces consumed more than 10 therms per hour. The installation was carried out without the approval of a competent authority having been obtained.

4. Regulation 11 of the Regulations in question provides:

"No occupier shall carry out or cause or permit to be carried out any work in relation to installation, altorstion or modification of any furnace, oven, chimney or flue on his premises unless approval in respect of all the plans and specifications of the same is obtained in accord nce with those regulations."

However Regulation 3 of these Regulations reads as follows:

" 3. (1) These regulations shall not apply to premises on which any work is intended to be carried out in relation to the installation, alteration or modification of-  
  (a) a furnace or oven, or a chimney or flue connected thereto, which consumes not more than-  
  (i) five gallons of conventional liquid fuel per hour; or
  (ii) seventy pounds of conventional solid fuel per hour; or
  (iii) ten therms of any gaseous fuel per hour; and
  (b) a furnace or oven which is operated solely by electricity."

It will be not noted that what Regulation 11 forbids is the carrying out by an occupier of work in his premises. What Regulation 3 exempts from the operations of the Regulations are "premises" and in order that the Regulations shall not apply to premises they must be premises on which work is intended to be carried out in relation to the installation, alteration or modification of, in our particular case, a furnace which consumes not more than 10 therms of any gaseous fuel per hour. On the premises occupied by the respondent work was to be carried out in relation to the installation of a number of furnaces and although none of them consumed more than 10 therms of gaseous fuel per hour all of them could consume well over that amount. I can see nothing in the Regulations themselves nor in their apparent Ordinance to indicate that s.7(2) of the Interpretation Ordinance is not to apply to the Regulations or to Regulation 3. I therefore consider that the Regulations do apply to premises on which work is carried out in relation to the installation of furnaces which consume more than 10 therms in totality although none of them consumes more than that amount.

5. In order to escape liability under Regulation 11 an occupier of premises must show that they are such as not to attract the application of the Regulations. The operative word in Regulation 3 is "premises" and the respondent's premises are not within the description of those to which the Regulations do not apply. The learned magistrate appears temporally to have lost sight of the fact that the draftsman used the word "premises" and by Regulation 3 exempted premises rather than furnaces for in paragraph 6 of his case stated he says:

" 6. I however being of the opinion that it was clear and unambiguous that the Regulations referred to each individual furnace and that under Reg.3(1)(a) the Regulations did not apply to any individual furnace unless that furnace had a maximum capacity in excess of ten therms per hour held that no case had been established against the Defendant and dismissed the charge."

However he puts the question of law arising clearly in paragraph 7 i.c.:

"whether the Clean Air (Furnaces, Ovens and Chimneys) (Installation and Alteration) Regulations 1972 apply to premises on which any work is intended to be carried out in relation to the installation of two or more furnaces which collectively consume more than ten therms of any gaseous fuel per hour although the consumption of each individual furnace does not exceed ten therms of any gaseous fuel per hour."

The answer to this question must be in the affirmative since such premises are not "premises on which work is intended to be carried out in relation to the installation ... of a furnace ... which consumes not more than .. ten therms of gaseous fuel per hour. The case was accordingly remitted to the magistrate with a direction that a case has been established against the defendant.

  (P.F.X. Leonard)
  Puisne Judge

Representation:

Mr. Reid, C. C. for the Crown/Appellant.

Mr. Kenneth Kwok (Deacons) for the Respondent.