|
HCA 2239/2009
香港特別行政區
高等法院原訟法庭
民事司法管轄權
案件編號2009年第2239號
----------------------
| 原告人 |
趙、司徒、鄭律師事務所 |
|
| |
對 |
|
| 被告人 |
覃美金 |
|
----------------------
主審法官 :高等法院原訟法庭法官鍾安德內庭聆訊
審訊日期 :2010年4月29日
判決書日期 :2010年5月6日
----------------------
判決書
----------------------
引言
1.原告人在2009年11月展開本訴訟,向被告人追討$2,243,938連利息及訟費。
2.原告人在2010年1月倚仗香港法例第4A章《高等法院規則》第14號命令提出申請,要求法院頒布簡易程序判令。
3.聆案官經聆訊後,在2010年2月1日作出判令。被告人不服,向原訟法庭法官提出上訴。
背景事實
4.導致本訴訟的背景事實,可簡述如下。
5.被告人前曾在高等法院興訟。她自2008年起,延聘原告人為該訴訟的代表律師。該訴訟在2008年4月至5月期間進行審訊。
6.本訴訟所涉的款項,是原告人聲稱,在該訴訟中履行法律職務所致的費用 (包括代轉聘資深大律師的費用)。
抗辯理由
7.答辯書指,與訟雙方曾達成口頭協議,原告人祇會收取一筆過的$1,400,000的法律費用 (包括轉聘資深大律師的費用)。任何多於該數額的法律費用,祇會在被告人勝訴時,原告人才可收取。
8.原告人否認上述指稱。
本上訴的判決及判決理由
9.從前第1、5至6及7至8段所述,可見與訟雙方對法律費用曾否達成定額協議一點,有不同的說法。因此,在判決本上訴時,本席需評定與訟雙方 (尤其被告人) 存檔的誓章的內容的可信性。
10.在倚仗第14號命令的申請中,法庭應如何評定誓章中的證言可信性的法律原則,在Hong Kong Civil Procedure 2010,第1冊,第14/4/9段列載:
“It is appropriate to be reminded of the principles applicable to an O.14 application. They are well-known. … The [defendant] … must show that there are triable issues. He has to satisfy the court that he has a ‘real or bona fide defence’. … If he makes an allegation, it must be credible or believable in the light of the evidence placed before the court. As Bokhary J.A. said in the Re Safe Rich Industries Ltd ([1994] H.K.L.Y. 183):
‘The test at the summary stage is indeed as simple as whether the defendant’s assertions are believable. But it must be recognized─because failure to recognize it would create a debt-dodger’s charter─that whether the defendant’s assertions are believable is a question to be answered not by taking those assertions in isolation but rather by taking them in the context of so much of the background as [is] either undisputed or beyond reasonable dispute.’
‘On the other hand, it must also be borne in mind that for an application like the present, the court must not embark on a mini trial on affidavits.’ …
‘Unless it is obvious that the defence put forward by the defendant is ‘frivolous and practically moonshine, O.14 ought not to be applied’ …;’
“It is trite law that the mere assertion in an affidavit of a given situation does not, ipso facto, provide leave to defend, since the defendant must satisfy the court that he has a fair or reasonable probability of showing a real or bona fide defence, i.e. that his evidence is reasonably capable of belief. … After reviewing all the authorities, the English Court of Appeal has laid down a definitive ruling that if the evidence of the defendant is incredible in any material respect, it cannot be said that there is a fair or reasonable probability that the defendant has a real or bona fide defence and judgment will be given to the plaintiff (… Ng Shou Chun v. Hung Chun San [1994] 1 H.K.C. 155 at 158), … there are some cases in which the defendant’s own case, although apparently it raises issues which, if found in his favour, would provide him with a defence, are so incredible or so contradicted by contemporaneous documents or circumstances that it becomes clear that his defence is a sham’: per Mortimer J.A. in Manciple Ltd v. Chan On Man [1995] 3 H.K.C. 459 at 466. Two tests are appropriate, namely ‘Is what the defendant says credible?’ and ‘Is there a fair or reasonable probability of the defendant having a real or bona fide defence?’ Where an issue of fact is raised, the first question must be answered in the affirmative before considering the second.
However, practitioners are reminded that O.14 is not intended to be a mini-trial of the action on affidavits. “I would sound a note of caution about Murjani, which has come to be cited in almost every case under O.14 or O.86 to justify the plaintiff in asking the court to embark on a mini trial of the action on affidavit evidence. That is not a proper course for the court to take. It will in future be sufficient for the court to ask itself the simple question: ‘Is what the defendant says credible?’ If so, he must have leave to defend. If not, the plaintiff is entitled to summary judgment. The issue is not whether the defendant’s assertions are to be believed; it is whether those assertions are believable”: per Godfrey J.A. in Ng Shou Chun v. Hung Chun San [1994] 1 H.K.C. 155 at 158.” (上文獲強調處,由本席後加)。
11.本席在審閱過與訟雙方曾存檔的誓章及證物後,判定被告人的誓章並不可信。
12.為反駁被告人在前第7段的指稱,原告人呈交的證物,包括以下文件:
(a) 原告人在2008年3月25日致被告人的信件,其內容詳列了原告人的收費方式 (包括資深大律師的收費方式)。該信述明,$1,300,000僅為初期按金;
(b) 原告人在2009年2月12日致被告人的信件,追討本訴訟所涉的 $2,243,938;
(c) 被告人在2009年3月24日致原告人的信件,要求原告人給予更多時間,清繳上述欠款;
(d) 被告人在2009年4月19日致原告人的信件,要求原告人待上訴完結後,才清還上述欠款;
(e) 原告人在2009年6月18日致被告人的信件,再追討上述 $2,243,938;
(f) 被告人在2009年6月19日致原告人的信件,要求以每月還款 $5,000方式,支付上述欠款。
被告人在本上訴時承認,她曾簽署前第 (a)、(c)、(d) 及 (f) 分段的信件。
13.被告人聲稱,前第12(a)、(c)、(d) 及 (f) 段的文件,是基於前第7段所述與訟雙方的口頭協議 (即她祇需支付一筆過 $1,400,000法律費用) 的條件簽署。
14.但上述文件的內容,與前第7及13段的指稱不符。假如該等指稱屬實,等同說與訟雙方故意簽署前第12段所述的,幾份內容與事實不符的文件 (不論前第12(c)、(d)及(f) 段的文件是否確由被告人自行草擬)。被告人沒有解釋,他們這樣做的原因何在。
15.此外,從資深大律師在2008年5月16日發出的收費單可知,他的收費已遠超前第7段所述的 $1,400,000。假如被告人所言屬實,等同原告人曾同意,除不收取原告人自身的收費,並須負上代被告人支付大律師部份收費的責任。
16.本席故此判定,被告人的說法缺乏固有可信性。
香港法例第159章《法律執業者條例》
17.雖然被告人並無提及第159章,本席為全面考慮本上訴,亦在本上訴聆訊時,要求原告人就相關條款作出陳述。
18.基於以下各點,本席同意原告人指,第159章的相關條款 (包括第58、60及67條),均不構成任何抗辯理據:
(1) 雖然與訟雙方曾達成可被視為第58條所述的協議 (見前第12(a)段),但原告人並非倚仗該協議提出本訴訟。原告人在本上訴提及該協議,純作為反駁前第7段所述的抗辯的證據之一。故此,本訴訟不涉及第159章第58或60(1)條;
(2) 被告人並未提出證據 (或其他充份基礎),否定原告人將訟費單及修訂訟費單,分別在2008年9月12日及10月20日交付被告人 (即在本訴訟展開前逾12個月),故第159章第67(a) 條中的但書第 (i) 段適用;
(3) 被告人在本上訴聆訊時多次稱,她沒有能力支付欠款,但這聲稱並不構成第159章第67(a) 條中的但書第 (i)段所述的“特別情況”。
結論
19.基於以上各點,本席駁回本上訴。
訟費命令
20.經聽取與訟雙方陳述後,本席決定行使酌情權,判定被告人需支付本上訴所涉訟費。本席亦判定應以簡易評估訟費數額程序,評估該等訟費。為此:
(a) 原告人可於今日起計7天內,呈交法庭及送達簡明訟費清單;
(b) 被告人可於其後7天內,呈交法庭及送達簡明反對理由清單。
原告人:由趙、司徒、鄭律師事務所指派李威華律師代表
被告人:無律師代表,自行應訊
|