Masniah v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

Case No.HCAL 415/2023[2025] HKCFI 4703

Court

High Court CFI

Date15 Oct 2025

Judge—

Case Document

100%Judiciary

HCAL 415/2023

[2025] HKCFI 4703

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No. 415 of 2023

BETWEEN
	Masniah	Applicant
	and
	Torture Claims Appeal Board/ Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office	Putative Respondent
	and
	Director of Immigration	Putative Interested Party

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review

NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord. 53 r. 3)

Following;

	consideration of documents only; or
	consideration of documents and Applicant being absent in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge K.W. Lung:

Leave to apply for Judicial Review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

THE APPLICATION

1.The applicant was an illegal immigrant. She had raised non-refoulement claim to the Director of Immigration (“the Director”) on the basis that, if refouled, she will be harmed or killed by her husband. The Director refused her claim. She appealed to the Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office (“the Board”) The Board dismissed her appeal (“the Board’s Decision”).

2.The applicant filed Form 86 on 20 March 2023 to apply for leave to apply for judicial review of the Board’s Decision. The applicant has raised some grounds that are bare assertions without any evidence in support. They are not valid to challenge the Board’s Decision.

3.The Immigration Department informed the Court that the applicant has been removed, which means the applicant has already left Hong Kong.

4.Section 37ZF of the Ordinance provides, inter alia,

“Deemed withdrawal of torture claim on claimant’s departure

(1) A torture claim (whether a claim pending final determination or a substantiated claim) made by a claimant who is subject or liable to removal must be treated as withdrawn if the claimant (for whatever reason) leaves Hong Kong.”

5.Final determination includes the judicial review proceedings[1].

6.There is nothing outstanding in this action. The Court will refuse to grant the relief as it will serve no practical purpose since the applicant has returned to her country[2]. For case management, this application should be dismissed.

7.The application is dismissed.

Dated the 15^th day of October 2025

(M.O. WONG)(Ms)
for Registrar, High Court

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Notes for the Applicant: If leave has been granted, the Applicant or the Applicant’s solicitors must:
a) serve on the respondent and such interested parties as may be directed by the Court the order granting leave and any directions given within 14 days after the leave was granted (Order 53, rule 4A); b) issue the originating summons within 14 days after the grant of leave and serve it in accordance with Order 53, rule 5; and c) supply to every other party copies of every affidavit which the Applicant proposes to use at the hearing, including the affidavit in support of the application for leave (Order 53, rule 6(5)).		Sent to the Applicant on 15/10/2025 Masniah Applicant’s ref. no: Nil		Sent to the Putative Respondent / the Putative Respondent’s solicitors / such Putative Interested Parties as may be directed by the Court / the Putative Interested Parties’ solicitors on 15/10/2025 Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office Putative Respondent’s ref. no.: USM 20267 Director of Immigration Putative Interested Party’s ref. no.: QA T/C 2874/21 (formerly RBCZ 5000232/21) Department of Justice, Senior Assistant Law Officer (Civil Law) (Civil Litigation Unit 2)

Form CALL-1

[1] The Court of Appeal in Re: Aioub Ali [2019] HKCA 1329. Hon Lam VP (as he then was), Wong and S T Poon, 2 December 2019, held:

“16. Under Section 23(4) of Schedule 1A of the Immigration Ordinance, the decision of the Board is final. Final means final in terms of administrative process. However, such statutory provision does not exclude judicial review. In a judicial review, the court will process the matter by examining if there is public law ground to warrant intervention as discussed in [13(1)] above.”

[2] The Court of Appeal in AW v Director of Immigration and William Lam CACV 63/2015, Hon Lam VP, Kwan and Poon JJA (as they then were), 3 November 2015 held:

“67. It is well established that the court may exercise discretion not to grant a remedy on judicial review if it would serve no practical purpose, where it may have become otiose or pointless to grant a remedy because the relevant detriment to the applicant has been removed (De Smith’s Judicial Review (7th ed) at §§18-054 to 18-056; Judicial Review by Supperstone, Goudie and Walker (5th ed) at §18.18.1).”

Cites 2 cases

Cases cited in this judgment

Aw v. Director of Immigration and Another