Dragon Capital Ltd. 訴 Cheung Shui Ching

Read the full judgment text of LDNT 270/2000 on BabelCite. This LDNT judgment.

1. 申請人是Flat A, 9/F, Tower 2, The Redhill Peninsula, 18 Pak Pat Shan Road, Tai Tam, Hong Kong (“處所”)的租客,而答辯人是處所的業主。處所的租賃期是由1998年9月15日至2000年9月14日,月租為$34,000.00 。

Case No.LDNT 270/2000
Court
LDNT
Date
Judge
Case Document
100%Judiciary

LDNT000270/2000

LDNT 270/2000

香港特別行政區土地審裁處

申請編號LDNT 2000年第270宗

Dragon Capital Limited 申請人
答辯人
Cheung Shui Ching

主審法官:周兆熊法官

宣判日期:2000年11月21日

______________

判 決 書

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1. 申請人是Flat A, 9/F, Tower 2, The Redhill Peninsula, 18 Pak Pat Shan Road, Tai Tam, Hong Kong (“處所”)的租客,而答辯人是處所的業主。處所的租賃期是由1998年9月15日至2000年9月14日,月租為$34,000.00 。

與訟雙方同意新的租賃期是由2000年9月15日開始,為期2年,除每月租金款額外,其他條件與前租賃的條款相同。

租金款額

2. 申請人呈遞由差餉物業估價署編製的“報稱租金表”以供本庭裁決處所租金款額之用;租金表內列載6 個“參考處所”的資料。所有參考處所都是落成於1992年,有升降機服務,而它們的租賃都是新的租賃。租金表內其他資料後列如下:

地址
Address
實用面積
(平方米)
Saleable
Area (m2)
租金(元)
(每月)Rent Passing ($pm)
包括/不包括
差餉(元)
(每月)
Incl./Excl.
Rates ($pm)
生效日期
租期
Commencement Date/
Lease Term
附註
Remarks
(有關處所 Subject Premises)
s) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 2 9TH FLR FLAT A & 1 PARKING SPACE 99.8 - - - -
(參考處所Comparable Premises)
1) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 8 3RD FLR FLAT B 93.5 33000.00 Incl.
1326.25
01/Sep/2000
24 Months
Reported rent includes management charges $3380 per month and chattels.
2) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 3 12TH FLR FLAT B & 1 PARKING SPACE 99.8 31000.00 Excl. 15/Jul/2000
24 Months
-
3) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 3 10TH FLR FLAT B & 1 PARKING SPACE 99.8 28000.00 Excl. 08/Jul/2000
24 Months
-
4) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 2 10TH FLR FLAT A & 1 PARKING SPACE 99.8 30000.00 Excl. 03/Jun/2000
24 Months
-
5) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 2 4TH FLR FLAT A & 1 PARKING SPACE 99.8 38000.00 Incl.
1488.75
20/Apr/2000
24 Months
Reported rent includes management charges $3900 per month. Fully furnished
6) 18 PAK PAT SHAN RD TOWER 2 14TH FLR FLAT A & PARKING SPACE NO. 243 ON L2 99.8 35000.00 Excl. 16/Mar/2000
24 Months
-

處所是位於Tower 2, 第1至第3個參考處所是分別位於第8座和第3座,而第4至第6參考處所與處所都是同處於第2座,有相同的環境,故此這三個參考處所是較為適合作比較用途。

3. 位於4字樓的第5 個參考處所是 "fully furnished" ; 這表示業主花費了一筆金錢(數目不詳)作為它的裝修之用,而這是第4和第6參考處所沒有的。答辯人亦沒有為續租而把處所重新裝修,所以在第4至第6三個參考處所之間,祇有第4與第6個參考處所是最具參考價值的參考處所。

4. 第4個參考處所是位於10樓。通常位於越高層的樓宇單位,其視野較遠,租值應較處於低層的樓宇單位為高。本席認為每低一層,樓宇單位的租值應下調1%。如位於9樓,此處所的租值應下調1%,而它的租金應為$29,700。

5. 第6個參考處所是位於14樓。如在9樓,它的租值應下調5%,而它的租值為$33,250元(35,000 x 95%)。上述2個租值的平均租值是$31,475 [($29,700 + $33,250) ( 2]。本席以$31,500為處所的租值。

6. 答辯人呈遞地產代理有關紅山半島的業主在租賃市場所要求的租值的資料。該些資料都不是已成交租賃的資料。本席不能倚賴該些資料作為釐定處所租金的數據。

7. 在作証時,答辯人突然要求申請人負責維修處所冷氣機的責任。有關的條款是租約的第4(i)條,該條的內容後列如下:

"Referred to Appendix 1. Fittings and fixtures are provided to the tenant free of charge on loan basis whereby the tenant will be responsible for the maintenance and repair expenses of those items in Appendix 1 except for the Central Air-conditioning System which shall be the responsibility of the Landlord pursuant to Clause 3(d) hereof."

8. 第3(d)條規定業主須要負起維修中央空氣調節系統的責任

適用的法例

9. 《業主與租客(綜合)條例》第119J條有以下的規定:

"The terms of a tenancy granted by order of the Tribunal under this Part (other than terms as to the duration thereof and as to the rent payable thereunder) shall be such as may be agreed between the landlord and the tenant or as, in default of such agreement, may be determined by the Tribunal; and in determining those terms the Tribunal shall have regard to the terms of the current tenancy and to all relevant circumstances."

10. 第119J條與英國的Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 的第35條的主要內容是一樣的。第35條有以下的內容:

"The terms of a tenancy granted by order of the court under this Part of this Act (other than terms as to the duration thereof and as to the rent payable thereunder) shall be such as may be agreed between the landlord and the tenant or as, in default of such agreement, may be determined by the court; and in determining those terms the court shall have regard to the terms of the current tenancy and to all relevant circumstances."

11.O'May and others v City of London Real Property Co. Ltd. ([1982]1All ER)一案,英國的上議院(House of Lords)就第35條內的 "Having regard to"一詞作出闡釋。Lord Hailsham在判詞說:

"A certain amount of discussion took place in argument as to the meaning of 'having regard to' in s35. Despite the fact that the phrase has been used by the draftsman of s34 in an almost mandatory sense, I do not in any way suggest that the court is intended or should in any way attempt to bind the parties to the terms of the current tenancy in any permanent form. But I so believe that the court must begin by considering the terms of the current tenancy, that the burden of persuading the court to impose a change in those terms against the will of either part(y) must rest on the part(y) proposing the change and that the change proposed must, in the circumstances of the case, be fair and reasonable........"

(劃線為原文所無)

12. 答辯人提出上述要求,原因是在租期內申請人數次要求答辯人維修中央空氣調節系統,但申請人有權按租約條款行使它的權利。答辯人負有舉証的責任,以說服法庭有關的條款必須加以更改,而該更改在所有有關的情況下是公平和合理的。本席裁定答辯人並無充份的理據作出改變第4(i)以及第3(d)條的條款,故此本席拒絕她的申請。

13. 前租賃期租約的第3(c)條是有關15.9.1998至30.9.1998的免租期,故此此條款不應被包括在新租約條款之內。

14. 本席頒佈以下有關新租賃的命令:

1.本席授予申請人新租賃,為期二年(由15.9.2000至14.9.2002);

2.新租賃的每月租金款額為$31,500.00;

3.除第3(c)以及第4(b)條外,新租賃租約的條款與舊租約相同。舊租約的第3(c)條不可被寫進新租賃條款內。在新租約內與舊租約第4(b)條相同的條款,須顯示按金為$63,000.00 ($31,500.00 x 2), 而不是$68,000.00。

周兆熊法官
土地審裁處

申請人:由鄭龍敦先生代表

答辯人:由Mr. LO, Eric代表