Liu Chong Hing Bank Ltd 訴 European Handbag Ltd

Case No.DCCJ 3108/2005
Court
District Court
Date22 Dec 2006
Judge
Case Document
100%

DCCJ3108/2005

香港特別行政區

區域法院

民事司法管轄權

案件編號2005年第3108號

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原告人  Liu Chong Hing Bank Limited  
   
被告人 European Handbag Limited  

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主審法官: 周兆熊法官

審訊日期﹕2006年12月4日及6日

頒下判案書日期:2006年12月22日

判案書

1.原告人的申索是要求本庭頒令被告人要為一張不兌現的支票負責,要它支付$408,330。

2.被告人提出以下兩點抗辯的理由:-

(1)  它是以匯票代發人的身份開出支票,沒有為開出支票而獲得價值。

(2)  群益實業公司(“群益”)把支票背書,它違反誠信,因此支票的所有權不完整;原告人知道群益違反誠信之事,因此它不是正當持票人,它的所有權不完整。

背景

3.群益是原告人的顧客,它從原告人處獲得銀行的信貸,但由於群益未能如期歸還欠款,自2004年5月開始,原告人只會就群益的額外信貸申請作個別的考慮。

4.約於2004年8月,群益向原告人申請入口貸款以購買一批貨物 ,貨額為US$47,150 ,預計售賣額為US$52,350(HK$408,330)。

5.在原告人的要求下,群益開出一張90日的期票作為還款的來源,但對該支票發出及背書的確實日期,與訟雙方都未能提出確切的證供。由於它獲得期票作為群益還款的來源,原告人向群益借出入口貸款,借出貸款的日期是2004年8月27日,入口貸款的到期還款日是2004年11月8日,在該日或之前群益的洪則寧先生要求原告人不要把支票兌現,因為群益有一些困難;約於2005年2月1日,原告人試圖把支票兌現,但不成功。

6.被告人的證人徐振華(被告人的董事長)說,他是與洪則寧交換支票的。在證人陳述書他說:

“6.   When I gave the cheque to Mr. Hung, he promised me that:-

(1)   the cheque was not intended for payment by the Defendant, and no money would be payable thereon;

(2)   Kwan Yick would just show the cheque to its business associates, including the Plaintiff, and would not present it for payment, negotiate or transfer it to third parties or used it for any other purpose;

(3)   Kwan Yick would return the cheque to the Defendant upon demand after the cheque was being shown to Kwan Yick’s business associates; and

(4)   Kwan Yick would also draw a cheque in favour of the Defendant for the same amount and post-dated 24th November 2004 as proof of Kwan Yick’s promise and good faith in this matter.

7.   In reliance of Kwan Yick’s promise and representations mentioned above, I drew and issued the Cheque referred to in this Statement of Claim (“the Cheque”) to Kwan Yick on behalf of the Defendant.

8.    When giving the Cheque to Kwan Yick, I reiterated to the Mr. Hung that there would not be any funds in the Defendant’s bank account for the payment on the Cheque as it was not intended for presentation for payment.”

7.徐振華說如果群益把支票兌現,他會把群益交給他的支票兌現,事實上,約於2005年2月3日他把群益支票拿去銀行兌現。由於群益承諾向它發出一張同款額和同日期的期票,被告人才向群益開出支票,徐振華的打算是:如果群益把支票兌現,它亦會把群益開出的支票兌現。這清楚顯示被告人開出支票的同時,它亦接受了代價(群益開出的支票),因此它不是匯票的代發人。

8.被告人指支票的所有權不完整,因為群益把支票背書,破壞它對被告人誠信。對於被告人指稱群益背信,原告人是否知悉其事?在它的答辯書,被告人倚藉以下的事實作為原告人知悉其事的根據:-

“5.    At the time when Kwan Yick indorsed the Cheque to the Plaintiff, the Plaintiff had notice of the above promise, agreement, arrangement and circumstances between the Defendant and Kwan Yick under which the Cheque was drawn and issued as stipulated in paragraph 4.

Particulars

When Mr. Hung of Kwan Yick indorsed the Cheque to the Plaintiff, Mr. Hung had made known to several of the bank officers of the Plaintiff who handled the accounts of Kwan Yick, inter alia, that:-

(1)   the Defendant issued and delivered the Cheque to Kwan Yick solely for the accommodation of Kwan Yick and there was no consideration thereof;

(2)   the cheque ought not to be presented for payment since there would be no or insufficient fund in the Defendant’s account; and

(3)    Kwan Yick obtained the Cheque from the Defendant upon making a promise not to present the Cheque for payment, negotiate or transfer the Cheque to third parties or used the Cheque for any other purposes.

6.    By virtue of the Plaintiff’s notice of the defect in title of Kwan Yick, the Plaintiff is not a holder in due course of the Cheque and took the Cheque subject to Kwan Yick’s defective title.”

9.被告人與洪則寧在審訊前有接觸,但他沒有傳召洪則寧作證,因此徐振華在這方面的證供,只是傳聞證供,本席不予以重視。

10.被告人的代表大律師說本案的證供顯示原告人知悉群益違信之事,而被告人亦有答辯書就這方面提出答辯,本席不接納這方面的陳辭,被告人指稱原告人知悉其事的根據清楚列出於答辯書第5段,答辯書其他的部份沒有提出關於原告人知悉群益違信之事。

11.被告人指原告人沒有查驗為何出票人不是Philip International Trading Company(群益在申請書指稱的買家)。原告人的證人王兆明說,原告人在接納支票時在這方面沒有疏忽,因為原告人最重要的考慮,是原告人收到的支票表面上有效,以及款額正確;這是群益有能力還款的證據;此外,原先買家亦可能以有關連的公司開出支票,或者把貨物進一步賣給另一買家。本庭接納這個說法,本庭裁定原告人並無疏忽的行為。

12.被告人指稱“An important fact in this arrangement is that in approving the Import Loan application, the requisite post-dated cheque was not in place yet.  In this regard, the Defendant respectfully submits that either the requisite post-dated cheque was unimportant as to the process of approving the Import Loan application, or the Approval Committee just could not care less in approving the application.”被告人沒有提出証據證明,在批准群益的申請時,原告人的審批委員會沒有被告人發出的支票,因此被告人作出的結論不能成立。

13.被告人的大律師又指稱“Another important fact is that Wong accepted in cross examination that at the time of paying money to the San Francisco branch, it was not unusual that the requisite post-dated cheque was not ready yet(未收到都唔出奇).  Again, this proves that either the cheque was not a matter of concern or the Plaintiff just could not care less.”但王兆明所說的只是他的過往經驗,這是概括的証供,他的供詞並沒有證明在有關的時候群益的支票並不存在。

14.本案的關鍵點是有關被告人的所有疑問需由原告人的審批委員會解答才適當,但該審批委員會沒有被傳召出庭作證。

基於上述的理由,被告人提出的抗辯理由不成立。

15.《匯票條例》第47(2)條規定:“除本條例條文另有規定外,當匯票因不付款而不兌現時,持有人即有向出票人及背書人追索的權利。” 據此,原告人有權向被告人申索$408,330,由於被告人沒有有效的抗辯理由,本庭因此裁定原告人的申索得直,被告人須於14天內支付原告人$408,330,以及其利息,利息由2005年2月1日起計,直至債項清償為止,利率則按終審法院首席法官不時藉命令者決定者計算。

訟費

16.本庭頒下臨時訟費的命令:被告人須支付原告人本案的訟費(包括聘請大律師的費用);如與訟雙方未能同意訟費的款額,該款額由訟費評定官評定;如在14天內與訟任何一方不向本庭提出申請,是項臨時訟費的命令作實。

  周兆熊
區域法院法官

原告人:   由Anthony Chiang & Partners律師事務所轉聘Eva Sit大律師代表

被告人:   由Wong Poon Chan Law 律師事務所轉聘Tony Li大律師代表