|
DCEC 930/2003
香港特別行政區
區域法院
民事司法管轄權
僱員補償案件編號2003年第930號
--------------
| 申請人 |
YAN SUNG BIK YU |
|
| |
訴 |
|
| 答辯人 |
LIU CHING MAN
trading as WA FAI MARBLE COMPANY |
|
___________
主審法官: 區域法院周兆熊法官
聆訊日期: 2007年1月5日、8日及16日
頒下判案書日期: 2007年3月7日
判案書
1.申請人的申請,是要求答辯人按《僱員補償條例》(“條例”)第9、10和第10A條對他以身為答辯人的僱員在2003年3月15日受傷一事作出賠償。
事發經過
2.約於2001年,申請人受聘於答辯人(驊輝雲石公司)為雲石技工,他的主要職責是雲石和協助其他工人搬運雲石。每日上班時間為早上9時至下午6時,每日薪金為$500。
3.2003年3月15日,申請人在答辯人位於新界元朗洪水橋石埗路124-609段的地址(“事發現場”)工作。事發現場的前面是營業地方,後面則是工場。為方便販賣的目的,答辯人在工場內放置很多雲石。大約於下午4:00左右,申請人、答辯人及另外兩名同事(鄧曉文和唐雅倫)正在事發現場。當時有一位姓潘的客人到來,要求他們開一件雲石給他。答辯人指示申請人根據客人的要求去開一件雲石給他。申請人立即去放置雲石的地方搬運雲石,以便把它開,去符合客人需要的體積。他要搬運的雲石的面積有大約6尺高、3尺闊、6分厚左右,整塊雲石很重。他十分小心地去移動該塊雲石。當時沒有同事幫手,只有客人和答辯人在附近;答辯人祇催促他盡快將該塊雲石搬運到雲石床,而沒有給他任何協助。
4.用以搬運雲石的車仔是用一條長約1尺和闊約7至8寸的角鐵做成的。當申請人將整塊雲石移到搬運雲石的車仔上時,因該塊雲石大和重,他要將雲石的其中一角在地上移動,以便慢慢把它放在車仔上。就在那時該塊雲石着地的一角突然裂開,使到整塊雲石失去平衡,向左右擺動,而他的雙手不能阻止它朝他的方向倒下,於是他唯有鬆開雙手和推開整塊雲石,該塊雲石便向右倒下,撞倒右面的雲石,再向下跌倒在地面,在那時該塊雲石就撞到他的左腳腳背。
5.答辯人和客人潘先生正在附近,當聽見“呯呯聲”後,他們便立刻過來看他有沒有受傷,並叫他休息。當時香港有非典型肺炎爆發,所以他不敢前往醫院就診,大約在下午5時左右他自行乘的士到張偉端醫生的醫務所求診。
答辯人的証供
6.就申請人指稱的工傷意外,答辯人在他的証人陳述書說:-
‘8. In the afternoon of the 15th March 2003 (“the alleged date of accident”), I was having a meeting with Mr. Poon, my long-term customer in the Premises. Two other subcontractors were working around at or about 4 pm. None of us was aware of or informed of the alleged accident. The Applicant did not make any complaint and/or called for any assistance at the alleged time of accident even though we were present inside the Premises.
9. Moreover, the size of the marble rock concerned was 6’x3’x6/8”and its weight was beyond the management of one person alone. It was very difficult for one to move the marble of this size away from the ground level and then lift it on a small rectangular trolley for transporting to the nearby cutting bed as alleged by the Applicant. The proper or sensible way of exercising the skill was to cut it into half on spot first and then only carry one sheet together with another person.
10. On the alleged date of accident, I saw the Applicant going home by cycling as usual at or about 6 pm. Mr. Tang Hiu Man (鄧曉文) and Mr. Tong Nga Lun (唐雅倫) were there and noticed the same phenomenon too.
11. On the next day (16th March 2003), the Applicant did not come back to my company to carry out his subcontracted work but gave me a telephone call at 8 pm. The Applicant told me that he was unable to come back for two weeks due to his personal reasons. The Applicant had never returned to my company to carry out the subcontracted work since then. Actually shortly before the alleged date of accident, the Applicant told me that he wanted to have leave for one week due to personal reasons. The alleged accident was premeditated.
12. On 20th March 2003 at about 7 pm, the Applicant came to the Premises and collected payment from my former wife in my office. In order to go to my office, one needs to climb up a flight of 12 stairs from the ground level. The Applicant was able to climb up the steps without any difficulties or any signs of injury/accident to his leg. There was nothing abnormal and the Applicant did not seem to have suffered from any injury. The Applicant was able to walk as usual and normal without using any apparatus. The Applicant did not mention anything about the alleged accident to me on that day too.
13. I only knew about the Applicant’s alleged accident when he came to the Premises and left some sick leave certificates with my former wife who was working inside the office on the second level on the 7th May 2003 at about 6 pm. I was not inside the Premises at that time.
14. …………………………………….
15. I had no idea when, where and how the Applicant sustained his injuries on 15th March 2003 as alleged.’
案情分析
7.根據2003年3月的月曆(証物D6),在2003年3月12日、13日、14日和15日的每一日,答辯人有3個人在廠內工作,但在3月16日,月曆的記錄顯示沒有人在廠內工作,很明顯這是工廠不用開工的一天,因此答辯人在他的証人陳述書所說,“On the next day (16th March 2003), the Applicant did not come back to my company to carry out his subcontracted work but gave me a telephone call at 8 pm.”不會是事實,因為根本上申請人不用回工廠工作。
8.答辯人指稱“The alleged accident was premeditated”,本庭難以相信申請人會用苦肉計傷害自己,因而要忍受痛苦。如果申請人故意使自己受傷,唯一目的就是欺騙答辯人,在懷有此目的下,很自然地,他理應盡早在2003年3月16日當致電給答辯人時,告訴答辯人他本人受傷的事,以達到他欺騙答辯人的目的,但他沒有這做。2003年3月20日,當回到工廠收取薪金時他亦沒有這樣做,直至2003年5月7日當他把病假紙交給答辯人的前妻,他受傷的事才曝光。既然他有意欺騙答辯人,目的當然是盡快取得不當的利益,但他卻不盡早告訴答辯人受傷的事,以便盡早取得該利益,而要等到超過1½月之後才讓答辯人知道他受傷的事,這是令人難以置信的。
9.答辯人的証人唐雅倫說在2003年3月15日約於下午6時,他看見申請人毫無困難地踏腳踏車離開工廠。在該日他沒有看到不尋常的事發生。在証人陳述書他說:-
“5. I could still remember the day on 15th March 2003 because the Applicant did not turn up for work on 16th March 2003 the next day and disrupted our usual work flow. Mr. Tang and I had to take up his part by turns and worked hard on the next day as no one could be contacted to replace his part……”
如果唐雅倫所說是真的,証物D6應該有他們的工作記錄,但依據証物D6的記錄,當日工廠沒有人開工,本庭裁定他所說的不是事實。
10.答辯人的另一位証人鄭瑛說,在2003年3月20日當申請人回到工廠時,她看見申請人通過一度樓梯上辦公室。當時她正在辦公室內,而答辯人則在辦公室下面,當申請人一路行上辦公室時,答辯人不在辦公室內,但答辯人卻說當申請人到訪時,答辯人正在樓上的辦公室。兩人的証供互相矛盾。
11.答辯人的另一答辯是:在2003年3月15日申請人不是他的僱員,在他的証人陳述書他說:-
“5. Before March 2003, the Applicant also agreed to be a subcontractor but a contract was not signed. The Applicant was reminded to take out mandatory provident fund and insurance for himself but refused to do so. He said that in doing so, the Hong Kong Government would take the benefit, not him. I also did not understand his logic.
6. ………
7. The Applicant was one of my employees from 2001 to February 2003. Since 1st March 2003, I subcontracted the cutting work (not polishing work) to the Applicant. I have never employed anybody as a marble installation worker. The Applicant was not an employee of my company at the material times.”
12.在作証時,被告人說在2003年2月中,他問申請人強積金是否供下去,申請人說不會益政府。對答辯人要求他做判工一事,申請人沒有反對,但又沒有答應。他要求申請人簽署文件做判工,但申請人不簽署,但又沒有說不簽,只是說遲一些才算。這些証供顯示申請人僱員的身份根本上沒有改變,因此答辯人未能証明申請人從受僱者的身份變為判工的身份。
13.申請人呈遞的証物P5是一張由張偉端醫生發出的病假証明書,該張病假証明書的日期為2003年3月15日,該証明書有以下的內容:-
“This is to certify that the patient Mr./Miss Yan Sung Fung Yu is suffering from L foot injury and that a sick-leave of two days as from 15/3 to 16/3 for him/her is recommended.”
14.証物P7顯示,張偉端醫生在2003年6月9日給予申請人由2003年6月9日至6月22日的病假。屯門醫院則給他由2003年6月18日至2003年10月21日的病假。僱員補償(普通評估)委員會在2003年11月4日証明他左腳受傷引致疼痛,而由於受傷而須缺勤的期間為2003年3月15日至2003年10月21日。前述的病假証明申請人曾經受傷,而受傷的情況是左腳有骨折。
15.2003年10月14日,答辯人在粉嶺裁判法庭承認違反《僱員補償條例》第40(1)及40(2)條(沒有替僱員購買勞工保險)的控罪,在証人陳述書答辯人說:-
“21. When I was summoned to the Fanling Magistracy on the 14th October 2003 for the breach of failing to take out insurance policy for employees contrary to section 40(1) and 40(2) Employee’ Compensation Ordinance, Cap 282, I was unrepresented and did not know about the legal definition with an employee and a subcontractor or the consequences of admission. As I had not taken out any insurance policy for my machineries or factory, I admitted the offence for convenience sake. I knew that at most I would only be fined. In any event, I had never treated the Applicant as my employee at the material time.”
上述的控罪必定涉及2003年3月15日之事。本庭不相信答辯人不知道“僱員”和“判工”的分別。如果他不知道兩者的分別,他怎會在2003年3月之前要求申請人由“僱員”轉為“判工”的身份?本庭不接納他的解釋。
16.本庭不接納答辯人和他的証人的証供,申請人出示的病假紙所反映的傷勢與他的証供脗合。本庭接納他的証供。
17.基於上述的理由,本席裁定在2003年3月15日,申請人是答辯人的僱員,而在該日當他為答辯人工作時受傷,受傷情況的經過一如他在証供所述。
補償金額
18.從2002年3月16日至2003年3月15日,申請人每個月的平均收入是$11,932.29。申請人永久喪失工作能力為1%,而在意外受傷時他是41歲,因此根據條例第9條計算的補償是$8,591.24($11,932.29 x 72 x 1%)。
19.僱員補償(普通評估)委員會評定申請人由於受傷須於2003年3月15日至2003年10月21日期間缺勤,缺勤的日數是220日,答辯人沒有就這段日子給予他任何補償,因此,按條例第10條的計算,補償金額為$70002.76($11,932.29 x 4/5 x 220/30)。
20.申請人呈遞証物P7,顯示兩張X光化驗所的收據(每張款額為200元),答辯人呈遞的証物D5,顯示一張款額為$150的西醫收據,6張西醫收據(每張款額為$200)。証物P8是4張由一間中醫綜合診所發出的收據(每張款額為380元)、一張骨醫的收據和一張為註冊中醫發出的收據。條例第10(A)(6)條規定:“僱員如曾為接受醫治而付款,而其僱主………負有法律責任支付醫療費,該僱員則有權藉着向其僱主送達要求支付該筆醫療費的書面要求及已付該筆醫費的收據而向其僱主追討該筆醫療費。”行使這權利的前提是申請人要符合條例第10A(6)條的規定。申請人沒有提出証據,証明在提出本案的申請前他已向答辯人送達追討醫療費用的書面要求和已付醫療費用的收據,因此他沒有遵守條例第10A(6)條的規定,所以本庭撤銷他按條例第10A條提出的申請。
21.本庭裁定申請人可得的補償是$78,594($8591.24 + $70,002.76)。
22.本庭頒令,答辯人須於14天內向申請人支付$78594以及其利息,直至債項清償為止。利息由2003年3月15日起計,至本日為止,利率為判決利率的50%,由2007年3月8日至債項清償為止,利率則以判決利率計算。
訟費
23.本席頒下臨時訟費的命令:答辯人須支付申請人本案9/10的訟費。如與訟雙方未能同意訟費的款額,該款額由訟費評定官評定。如在14天內與訟任何一方不向本庭提出申請,上述臨時訟費的命令作實。
原告人 : 由B. Mak律師事務所的Mak Yiu Wah律師代表
被告人 :親自應訟,無律師代表
|