Tariq v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

HCAL 1142/2023

[2026] HKCFI 5518

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No 1142 of 2023

BETWEEN

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review

NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord 53 r 3)

Following:

	consideration of the documents only;            or
	consideration of the documents and oral submissions by the Applicant in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge Andrew Li:

The application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

INTRODUCTION

1.By a Form 86 filed on 10 July 2023 (“the Form 86”), the applicant applied for leave to apply for judicial review of a decision by the Torture Claims Appeal Board (“the Board”) dated 4 July 2023 (“the Board’s Decision”), which affirmed a decision by the Director of Immigration (“the Director”) dated 28 July 2021 in refusing the applicant’s non‑refoulement protection claim.

2.The applicant requested for a hearing and he attended the same.

BACKGROUND

3.The applicant is a national of Pakistan. He seeks non-refoulement protection on the basis that if he is refouled, he would be harmed or killed by members from the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (“PTI”). His personal background, the relevant facts and relevant procedural history have been sufficiently set out in the Board’s Decision, which can be accessed through a hyperlink[1]. I shall not repeat the same here.

DISCUSSION

4.In a judicial review, this court does not provide a further avenue of appeal. Though in non-refoulement case an enhanced standard in scrutinizing the decision of the Board is required given the seriousness of the issue at hand, this court should not usurp the role of the Board, which together with the Director are the primary decision-makers. This court will not intervene by way of judicial review unless there are errors of law or procedural unfairness or irrationality in the decision of the Board (Nupur Mst v Director of Immigration [2018] HKCA 524, [14(1)]). There must be a reasonably arguable claim with a realistic prospect of success before leave for judicial review will be granted (Peter Po Fun Chan v Winnie Cheung & Anor (2007) 10 HKCFAR 676).

5.At the hearing, when asked if he could provide any particulars to the very general grounds state in his application, the applicant was not able to provide any.

6.Under the heading of “Grounds for Judicial Review”, the applicant claims that  (1) the Adjudicator did not consider his claim and directly dismissed them without taking time (to consider) or think about his life; (2) the Adjudicator did not accept some documents which were in his mother language that he submitted because he could not understand; (3) he was not given time to translate all the documents; and (4) the interpreter asked him “not to take long time for interview as he had another job.”

7.It has been held that in a proper Form 86, an applicant is required to identify the grounds of judicial review clearly and succinctly: Ho Loy v Director of Environmental Protection (unreported, HCAL 21/2015, 22 December 2016) at [142]. He/she is also required to make full and frank disclosure of all material facts to be verified by an affidavit.

8.In relation to the very general and generic allegations made in the application, the applicant failed to provide any particulars as to the specific matters which the Board had allegedly failed to consider and what documents the Board refused to accept from him.

9.Looking at the Board’s Decision, it is clear that the Board had relied on the documents submitted by the applicant to the Director for the screening interview, including the contents of the Non-refoulement Claim Form (“NCF”) and the Record of Interview. There is no suggestion that these were not relevant materials which the Board ought not to have taken into consideration. Nor is there any suggestion that they had not been properly translated or interpreted. On the other hand, the applicant was not able to say clearly what documents allegedly the Board had refused to accept and how they would become relevant in the consideration of his non-refoulement claim. In fact, it has been specifically recorded that the Board had gone through all the evidence contained in the hearing bundle with the applicant. The applicant confirmed that he would adopt them in their entirety. In the circumstances, I do not see how he can now make the complaints about the alleged failure in the translation and interpretation.

10.As can be seen from the Board’s Decision, the Board bore in mind the correct legal principles in respect of each of the four applicable grounds under the USM. It had carefully taken into consideration of the applicant’s case and evidence, including the evidence he gave at the hearing and the relevant COI.

11.After thoroughly analysing and assessing the above, the Board came to the findings and conclusions that none of the grounds was made out.

12.Having looked at the Board’s Decision carefully, I am not able to find the Board has failed to consider any of the matters raised by the applicant in his claims and/or failed to provide any adequate reason in its decision.

13.Despite rigorous examination and anxious scrutiny, I could not find any errors of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality in the Board’s Decision. In my view, the applicant’s intended challenge to the Board’s Decision is not reasonably arguable and has no realistic prospect of success.

CONCLUSION

14.For the above reasons, I am not satisfied that this court should intervene by way of judicial review. I therefore dismiss the application.

Dated the 5^th day of October 2026

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Form CALL-1