Hossen Riyaj v. Torture Claims Appeal Board / Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office

HCAL 3861/2019

[2025] HKCFI 1549

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE

CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST No. 3861 of 2019

Application for Leave to Apply for Judicial Review
NOTIFICATION of the Judge’s decision (Ord. 53 r. 3)

Following;

	consideration of documents only;          or
	consideration of documents and oral submissions by the Applicant in open court;

Order by Deputy High Court Judge (Non-refoulement Claims) Martin Wong:

The application for leave to apply for judicial review be dismissed.

Observations for the Applicant:

Introduction

1.By a Form 86 filed on 27 December 2019 (the “Form 86”), the Applicant applied for leave to apply for judicial review of the decision by the Torture Claims Appeal Board (the “TCAB”) dated 19 December 2019 (the “TCAB Decision”), which affirmed the decision by the Director of Immigration (the “DOI”) dated 19 July 2018 refusing the Applicant’s non-refoulement protection claim. He named the TCAB as the proposed respondent and the DOI as an interested party.

2.The Applicant requested for a hearing of this application and he attended the same. When asked if he had anything to add he confirmed that there was not.

Background

3.The Applicant is a national of Bangladesh. He seeks non-refoulement protection on the basis that he will be ill-treated or killed by members of other political groups if he is returned. His personal background, the relevant facts and relevant procedural history have been sufficiently set out in the TCAB Decision, which can be assessed through a hyperlink[1], and I shall not repeat the same herein.

Discussion

4.In a judicial review, this court does not provide a further avenue of appeal. Though in non-refoulement case an enhanced standard in scrutinizing the decision of the TCAB is required given the seriousness of the issue at hand, this court should not usurp the role of the TCAB, which together with the DOI are the primary decision-makers. This court will not intervene by way of judicial review unless there are errors of law or procedural unfairness or irrationality in the decision of the TCAB (Nupur Mst v Director of Immigration [2018] HKCA 524, [14(1)]). There must be a reasonably arguable claim with a realistic prospect of success before leave for judicial review will be granted (Peter Po Fun Chan v Winnie Cheung & Anr (2007) 10 HKCFAR 676).

5.In his affirmation filed in support of the Form 86, the Applicant has not stated any error of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality of the TCAB Decision.

6.As can be seen from the TCAB Decision, all the available evidence was before the TCAB [21-46], and after careful consideration the TCAB came to the conclusion that the Applicant’s allegations were not made out [47-66, 78].

7.The TCAB then proceeded to analyse each of the four applicable grounds under the USM, identifying in each instance the correct legal principles to apply [12-20], and came to the conclusion that none was made out [79-97]. The TCAB further concluded that both state protection and internal relocation were available to the Applicant [67-77].

8.All in all, I do not see any errors of law, procedural unfairness or irrationality in the TCAB Decision, despite rigorous examination and anxious scrutiny.

Conclusion

9.For the above reasons, I am not satisfied that this court should intervene by way of judicial review. I therefore dismiss the application.

Dated the 16^th day of April 2025

Where leave to apply has been granted, Applicants and their legal advisers are reminded of their obligation to reconsider the merits of their application in the light of the Respondent’s evidence

Form CALL-1