香港特別行政區 訴 陳文俊
Read the full judgment text of HCMA 440/2021 on BabelCite. This High Court CFI judgment was delivered on 22 April 2022.
1. 上訴人被控一項「聲稱是三合會社團的成員」罪,違反香港法例第151章《社團條例》第20(2)條。上訴人否認控罪,經審訊後被屯門裁判法院裁判官施祖堯 (下稱裁判官) 裁定罪名成立,被判監禁6個月。上訴人不服定罪,提出上訴。
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HCMA 440/2021 [2022] HKCFI 1035 香港特別行政區 高等法院原訟法庭 刑事上訴司法管轄權 訟費申請 案件編號:裁判法院上訴案件2021年第440號 (原屯門裁判法院刑事案件2021年第196號) ____________
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判案書(訟費申請) A.前言 1.上訴人被控一項「聲稱是三合會社團的成員」罪,違反香港法例第151章《社團條例》第20(2)條。上訴人否認控罪,經審訊後被屯門裁判法院裁判官施祖堯 (下稱裁判官) 裁定罪名成立,被判監禁6個月。上訴人不服定罪,提出上訴。 2.本席在2022年3月15日頒下判案書,裁定上訴得直,並給予詳盡理由,在此不贅。 B. 訟費申請 3.上訴方在2022年3月28日提出訟費申請 (原審及上訴) 。上訴方在其書面陳詞提出的理據基本上是指上訴得直並非「技術性」,上訴人亦無招認以致「自招嫌疑」或令「控方相信證據比實情更有力」。上訴方指事實是控方唯一的證供或證據可說是完全依賴控方第二證人。 C. 答辯人回應 4.答辯人陳詞指上訴人在本案有做出自招嫌疑的行為:
5.答辯人指經考慮本案的情節,尤其是案中的閉路電視片段,以及本案的控罪是「聲稱是三合會社團成員」,上訴人的舉動實在非常可疑。他的行為毫無疑問是自招嫌疑。 D. 上訴人的進一步回應 6.上訴方不認同上訴人自招嫌疑。上訴人並非被指「未經許可下參與會議」,而答辯人所指的其他人士未有被控以任何罪名。從錄影片段可見,上訴人及其他人是離開維新堂,而非企圖進入會議搗亂。即使上訴人曾企圖進入維新堂亦與「聲稱為三合會會員」無關。證據顯示上訴人的公司是受到控方第一證人就只委託處理會議的土地問題。上訴人帶同大律師及律師到場,即使他無權參加會議,亦與自稱三合會會員無關。 E. 有關訟費的法律原則 7.終審法院在Tong Cun Lin v HKSAR案[1]有以下裁定:
8.簡而言之,就訟費的一般法律原則是若被告人被判無罪,除非有實質理由 (positive reasons) ,否則應獲得訟費。而實質理由是指: (1) 被告人自招嫌疑;(2) 他的行為誤導了控方,令控方相信證據比實情更強。 9.但若被告人是因技術理由 (technicality) 而罪名不成立,則可構成不給予訟費的理由:Tsang Wai Ping v HKSAR [3]。 10.訟費不可以是懲罰性,金額須是合理地足夠補償勝訴的被告人在該法律程序過程中恰當地招致的開支,及訟費命令必須是公平而合理的 (見香港法例第492章 《刑事案件訟費條例》第15條) 。 F. 本席作出的考慮 11.本席考慮了雙方陳詞後,認同上訴方的陳詞論據。雖然上訴人曾與其他在附近公園聚集的人士對話,而且當時有人聚集此情況令致有人報警求助,但本席必須指出法庭在行使酌情權不給予一位被判無罪的被告人訟費,而理由是「自招嫌疑」,被告人的行為須與控罪有關。正如上訴方指出,上訴人的公司是代表控方第一證人「對家」兄弟的。上訴人亦連同律師到場。上訴人並非面對任何指稱他行為不當的罪行;他面對的控罪是自稱三合會會員,主要證供來自控方第一證人。本席已裁定該證人證供不可信。 12.本席看不出上訴人有何作為令他「自招嫌疑」,而令致他不能獲得原審的訟費。 13.上訴人上訴得直,亦應得上訴的訟費。 G. 裁決 14.基於上述理由,本席裁定上訴人可得原審及上訴的訟費。 15.若雙方未能就訟費金額達成協議,則由聆案官評定。
答辯人: 由律政司署理高級檢控官廖偉雄代表香港特別行政區 上訴人: 由佘英輝律師行轉聘謝英權大律師及陳華勝大律師代表 [1] (1999) 2 HKCFAR 531 [2] 原文見於判詞第535頁D-H: “When a defendant has been brought to trial upon particular charges and is then found got guilty it is clearly right that he should normally be compensated out of public revenue for the costs incurred in defending those charges. In considering whether, despite this general rule, he should be deprived of all or part of his costs, the judge exercising the discretion must obviously look to his conduct generally, so long as such conduct is relevant to the charges he faced. This cannot be confined to any particular period of time. Since, however, the discretion is being exercised in the context of an acquittal - the averments constituting the charges having been found by the jury as not amounting to the crimes alleged - it follows that, generally speaking, the conduct most relevant to the matters under consideration must be the defendant's conduct during the investigation and at the trial: How he first responded to the investigators, the answers he gave when confronted with the accusations, the consistency of those answers with his subsequent defence, etc. Wrapped up with this is the strength of the case against the defendant and the circumstances under which he came to be acquitted: These too are relevant to the exercise of the discretion to deprive him of his costs, so long as the judge is not, indirectly, thereby punishing him by taking a view of the facts palpably different from that taken by the jury and reflected in the not-guilty verdict. The person in the best position to weigh those matters is clearly the judge himself.”。 [3] (2005) 8 HKCFAR 80 |
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